The NCDC has issued a Cholera Alert for 2025, warning of a major health threat in Nigeria. Discover the latest outbreak news, symptoms, affected states, how to stay safe, and vaccine updates.
Overview of the 2025 Cholera Outbreak in Nigeria
As of July 2025, Nigeria is dealing with a serious cholera outbreak. The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has confirmed more than 12,000 suspected cases and over 350 deaths across the country.
Several states are seeing fast-rising numbers of infections. This has led health officials to take emergency steps. Experts say flood-hit areas with poor hygiene are at higher risk.
Recent NCDC Reports and Data
- Lagos State (especially slum and coastal areas)
- Kano State
- Borno State (notably in displaced persons’ camps)
- Nasarawa
- Ogun
Main Causes and Spread of Cholera
Cholera spreads mainly through dirty water and unsafe food. It is caused by a germ called Vibrio cholerae, which grows in unclean places, especially during rainy seasons.
Key Risk Factors in the Environment
- People defecating in open near water sources
- Overflowing and blocked drains
- Contaminated food sold on streets
- No access to clean water
Sources of Water Contamination
- Dirty rivers and wells
- Water stored in unclean containers
- Dirty hands, cups, or cooking tools
Cholera Symptoms You Should Know
Cholera signs can be mild or severe. Acting early is very important.
Common Symptoms
- Sudden watery stool (often looks like rice water)
- Vomiting
- Fast dehydration
- Dry lips and skin
- Sunken eyes
- Cold feet and hands
When to Get Medical Help
If someone has severe diarrhea and signs of dehydration, go to the nearest clinic at once. Give them Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) while heading to the hospital.
What NCDC Is Doing to Fight the Outbreak
The NCDC has opened the Cholera Emergency Operations Center and is working with:
- UNICEF
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)
- State health departments
Their work includes:
Making drinking water safe through chlorination
Setting up treatment centers
Distributing ORS and antibiotics widely
How to Stay Safe and Prevent Cholera
Prevention is better than cure. Here are some simple ways to protect your family:
Keep Water Safe
- Always boil water or use water-purifying tablets
- Don’t drink from open or untreated wells
- Store water in clean, covered jugs or buckets
Food Safety Tips
- Wash fruits and vegetables with clean water
- Cook meals properly
- Avoid eating food from roadside vendors during outbreaks
Personal Hygiene
- Wash hands after using the toilet and before eating
- Clean cooking items and kitchen counters
- Use toilets that are clean and safe
Getting the Cholera Vaccine in Nigeria
Yes, vaccines are available in areas most affected.
Types of Available Vaccines
ShancholDukoral
Euvichol-Plus
These are taken by mouth and protect for about 3 years.
Where to Get the Vaccine
- Government hospitals and clinics
- Mobile health teams supported by NCDC
- Community outreach programs
Spreading the Word Through Media
NCDC’s Communication Tools
- Website: ncdc.gov.ng
- Twitter/X: @NCDCgov
- Radio programs in Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo
Public Awareness Campaigns
- Going door to door
- Flyers and posters in native languages
- Support from churches, mosques, and other local groups
Government Rules and Public Health Laws
Some states have declared a state of emergency in hard-hit areas.
Steps Taken by Authorities
- Closing open-air markets
- Clean-up exercises in communities
- Isolating infected areas in displaced persons' camps
Not obeying health rules may lead to fines or shutting down of businesses under Nigeria's Public Health Act.
What People Are Asking
What’s the cholera update in Nigeria as of 2025?
There are more than 12,000 suspected cases, with Lagos, Borno, and Kano states worst hit.
Which states are affected by cholera right now?
Lagos, Borno, Kano, Ogun, and Nasarawa are most impacted.
What symptoms should I look for?
Watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. Cholera can kill in a few hours if not treated.
How do I prevent infection?
Boil drinking water, wash your hands, and avoid unsafe food.
What if someone close to me has symptoms?
Start ORS right away and rush them to the hospital. Call NCDC via 6232.
When is cholera season in Nigeria?
It usually gets worse during the rainy season—June to September.
Can I get vaccinated for cholera?
Yes. The vaccine is free in outbreak areas. Visit your nearest health center.
Final Message and Advice
The 2025 Cholera Alert from NCDC is a reminder that cholera is a dangerous but preventable disease. Clean water, good hygiene, and quick medical care can save lives.
Stay alert. Boil your water. Wash your hands often. Tell health workers if someone falls ill. Together, we can stop cholera from spreading.
Source/References
- Nigeria Health Watch – Cholera Situation Updates
- UNICEF Nigeria – WASH Programs
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) – Emergency Cholera Response
- NCDC Cholera Situation Report – June/July 2025
- WHO Vaccine Recommendations – Cholera 2025
- Nigeria Public Health Law Review (2024 Edition)